if, elif, else — conditional execution

Basic if

age = 20

if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult")

if-else

age = 15

if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult")
else:
    print("You are a minor")

if-elif-else

score = 85

if score >= 90:
    grade = "A"
elif score >= 80:
    grade = "B"
elif score >= 70:
    grade = "C"
else:
    grade = "F"

print(grade)  # "B"

Multiple conditions

age = 25
has_license = True

if age >= 18 and has_license:
    print("Can drive")

if age < 18 or age > 65:
    print("Special category")

if not has_license:
    print("No license")

Nested if

age = 20
has_license = True

if age >= 18:
    if has_license:
        print("Can drive")
    else:
        print("Need license")
else:
    print("Too young")

Ternary operator

Short form for simple if-else:

age = 20
status = "adult" if age >= 18 else "minor"
print(status)  # "adult"